By Mario Cruz Pérez — Insurance agent licensed in 16 states (including Texas) · Last updated: November 2026

How much life insurance do I need? It’s the question I hear most, and it almost always comes with a borrowed answer: “ten times your salary.” Let me be straight with you: that rule doesn’t know whether you still owe on your car. It doesn’t know how much is left on your mortgage. It doesn’t know if you have three kids or none. It isn’t a calculation — it’s an average of people who aren’t you.

In this guide I’ll give you what actually works: the 4 numbers that come from YOUR home, not from a chart on the internet. By the end you’ll be able to sit down with pencil and paper and work out your real figure. And I’ll also tell you what gets subtracted — because that’s where almost everyone gets it wrong.

Watch the video version of this guide (in Spanish):

Why “10 times your salary” isn’t your number

The 10x rule is popular for one reason only: it’s easy. But easy isn’t the same as right.

Think about it this way: two men earn the same, $50,000 a year. One has rented his whole life, his kids already work, and his wife has her own career. The other signed a mortgage three years ago, has two little kids, and his wife stayed home to raise them. The 10x rule gives them both the same number. Does that make sense? Not at all.

A rule doesn’t know your home. You do. That’s why the right calculation doesn’t start with your salary — it starts with your obligations.

Before you calculate: does your family inherit your debts?

Let’s clear up a soap-opera idea first. When someone passes away, the family doesn’t inherit the debts as if someone handed them a backpack. In general, individual debts are paid with what the person left behind — their estate. Not out of the widow’s pocket.

But here in Texas, a community property state, some things do carry on: what both of you signed, anything with a co-signer, and the mortgage — the mortgage stays attached to the house, not to the person.

That gets reviewed case by case, and it gets reviewed with your attorney. I’m an insurance agent, not an attorney, and I won’t tell you I am.

So why do debts top the list? Because whatever your estate spends paying debts is money your family doesn’t have to live on. That’s the point.

The 4 numbers (grab some paper)

1
Debts
what you owe today
2
Mortgage
the balance left
3
Income
salary × years to readjust
4
Education
what you already promised
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 − available savings − your own insurance = your number

how to calculate life insurance: the 4 numbers — debts, mortgage, income and education

how to calculate life insurance: the 4 numbers — debts, mortgage, income and education

Number 1: what you owe today

The credit cards. The car. The personal loan you took out for the business. Everything you owe today, on one line. Don’t overthink it — write it down. That’s your first number.

Number 2: your mortgage balance

Not what you pay each month. What’s left until the house belongs to your family with the bank having no say. That balance is on your statement. Second line.

And here’s the trap: almost everyone adds up these two, sees the total, gets scared, and stops there. These two are the easy ones. Where people fall short is in the two that come next.

Number 3: income — multiplied by the right number of years

Here’s the part that changes everything: it’s not one year of your salary. It’s your salary multiplied by the years your family needs to readjust.

How many years? That depends on your home, not on a chart:
Your situationYears to readjust (a guideline)
Young children, one income at home8, 10, up to 12 years — however many it takes for your partner to go back to work full time
Kids in school, two incomes5 to 7 years
Grown children, two active careers3 years may be enough
Nobody on the internet can give you that number, because nobody on the internet knows your home. You do. Sit down and fill it in.

Number 4: the education you already promised

This is where I always get the same objection: “Mario, that’s a luxury, the basics come first.” I get it. And I answer with a question: how many times have you told your child that they will get to go to school?

That promise wasn’t made by a financial advisor. You made it, in your kitchen, in your own words.

And you don’t have to cover the whole degree. Put down what you already promised. If you promised they wouldn’t start their life in debt, put that down. You already made that promise — all we’re doing here is putting a number on it.

The subtraction: what you already have (careful with this part)

You now have four numbers added up. Now you subtract two things — and only two.

One: savings that are truly available. Not the house. Not the retirement account that comes with penalties if you touch it early. Cash, available tomorrow. That gets subtracted.

Two: any insurance you already have. And here’s the point that gets me the most questions every week: that Term Life you get at work, the free or almost-free Group Life… that isn’t yours. It stays at work the day the job ends. And then what do you have left? Nothing — right when you’re a few years older and qualifying costs more.
COMPANY
GROUP LIFE
stays on the desk
The day the job ends…
you go home and your work insurance stays with the company. Subtract it in pencil, not in ink.

work life insurance is not yours — group life stays behind when the job ends

work life insurance is not yours — group life stays behind when the job ends
Subtract it if you want — but subtract it in pencil, not in ink.

What’s left after that subtraction is your number.

The 10x rule vs. your 4 numbers

The 10x rule
an average
Your 4 numbers
your home, your math

10 times your salary life insurance vs a real coverage calculation

10 times your salary life insurance vs a real coverage calculation
The 10x ruleYour 4 numbers
Does it consider your real debts?NoYes — number 1
Does it consider your mortgage balance?NoYes — number 2
Does it consider the years YOUR family needs?No — it assumes an averageYes — number 3, based on your home
Does it consider what you promised your kids?NoYes — number 4
Does it subtract what you already have?NoYes — available savings + your own policy
Whose result is it?An average’sYours
In these 13 years of helping our Hispanic community, I’ve seen this many times: a family believes they’re protected, but when we do this math together, with the numbers in writing, they discover they were calculating with an average and not with what their family needs. Sometimes there’s extra. Almost always, there’s a gap. And the difference is almost never in the two easy numbers. It’s in the years the family needs to reorganize and in that work insurance they were counting as if it were their own policy. That’s why I insist on sitting down to do this math with pencil and paper, taking that family’s situation into account. From memory, or with a formula from the internet, it’s easy to leave something out.

Frequently asked questions

Is 10 times my salary enough life insurance?

Sometimes yes, often no — and there’s no way to know without doing the math. The 10x rule is an average that ignores your debts, your mortgage, your kids’ ages and your partner’s situation. Work out the 4 numbers from your own home and compare: if the result is close, it was a coincidence; if it isn’t, the rule was leaving you short or having you overpay.

Does my family inherit my debts if I pass away?

In general, individual debts are paid by the estate you leave behind, not out of your family’s pocket. But in Texas — a community property state — debts you both signed, debts with a co-signer and the mortgage (which stays attached to the house) do carry on. Every case is different: review yours with your attorney.

Does my life insurance from work count toward my number?

It counts while you have that job — and that’s the problem. Group Life stays with the company the day the job ends, right when qualifying for your own policy costs more because of your age. Subtract it from the calculation if you want, but in pencil, not in ink.

How much does life insurance cost?

It depends on your age, your health, the type of policy and the amount that comes out of your 4-number calculation — so be wary of any price you’re quoted before someone knows your situation. The honest way to find out is to work out YOUR number first and get a quote on that real figure, not on a generic package.

Term or permanent insurance to cover my number?

Number first, vehicle second. Many families cover the years of big obligations (mortgage, kids at home) with Term because of its cost, and look at permanent pieces for what doesn’t expire. There’s no single answer — there’s a design based on your situation and a budget you can sustain.

How often should I recalculate my number?

Every time your home changes: a child is born, a house is bought, a big debt is paid off, a job changes. At a minimum, review it once a year — the math takes fifteen minutes once you know the 4 numbers.

Work out your number with someone who actually knows your home

Save this guide. The day you sit down to do the math, it will be here. And so will I.

If you’d like us to work out your number together — at no cost and no pressure — send me the word PROTEGE on WhatsApp at 346-295-9035. If you don’t use WhatsApp, call that same number (346-295-9035) and leave us a message: we’ll call you back in less than 24 hours.

Mario Cruz Pérez — Insurance agent licensed in 16 states, including Texas. 13 years helping Hispanic families in the United States protect what they love.

Disclaimer: This information is educational and does not constitute individualized legal, tax or financial advice. Mario Cruz Pérez is a licensed insurance agent; he is not an attorney or tax advisor — the treatment of debts, estates and inheritance varies case by case and should be reviewed with a legal professional. Life insurance products are subject to each carrier’s terms, conditions and approval. Coverage should be designed around what each family can sustain over time.

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